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Ethics of Communications and Sustainable Relationships with First Nations

George Wahl, P.Geo.

Field Notes would like to draw your attention to a recent ruling by Justice Patrick Smith involving the Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug (KI, formerly Big Trout Lake First Nation) and a junior mining company in Northwestern Ontario.
http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20060801.wxplatinex01/BNStory/National/

The ruling pertains to the lack of consultation with First Nations. Geoscientists usually provide excellent role models in taking the initiative to seek out native groups in remote areas where they may be working and communicating proposed exploration plans, making efforts to hire local labour and address local concerns. Many mining companies have found that generating good relations with the local population at the very beginning of a project can be critical to the eventual success of both the development and the local community.

The list of angered communities and failed exploration and mining projects around the world solely because of bad public relations with local populations is significant. Canadian geoscientists are providing leadership in learning how to develop respectful relationships with local communities.

Effective consultation with local populations who may be potentially affected by exploration activities and potential development is part of both ethical and professional practice. Field Notes would like to point members to some excellent Canadian work. The Association for Mineral Exploration British Columbia (AMEBC) has commenced publication of a newsletter entitled, “Stepping Stone” which highlights a number of success stories and important principles in developing effective relations with First Nations.

The following ten principles guide AMEBC’s activities related to First Nations involvement in their industry. Ontario geoscientists may wish to consider developing a similar set of principles.

• Recognize the traditional territories and areas of cultural or heritage interest of First Nations bands.
• Recognize that bands have overlapping or shared territories.
• Support the conclusion of fair, affordable and reasonable treaties.
• Respect the diversity of interests and cultures among bands.
• Respect the internal affairs of First Nations bands.
• Have a common commitment to sustainability and respect for the land and its resources.
• Recognize that bands have varying interests and objectives in relationships and cooperative ventures.
• Acknowledge that there is a shortage of capital to involve First Nations in cooperative ventures.
• Encourage the enhancement of First Nations' capacity to develop training, employment and business opportunities in the resource sector.
• Support First Nations' aspirations in securing economic development.

Field Notes acknowledges AMEBC for their kind permission to reprint and reference this material.

Judge rules for native band
Mining company must stop work for five months
KATE HARRIES
Tuesday, August 1, 2006; Globe and Mail

A Toronto junior mining-exploration company has suffered a stunning setback in its legal battle with a remote Ontario native band.
Platinex Inc. is suing Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug (KI, formerly Big Trout Lake First Nation) for $10-billion and sought to have band members prohibited from protesting at its drilling site.
Instead, Mr. Justice Patrick Smith of the Ontario Superior Court has found in favour of the band's counter-injunction application and ordered Platinex not to work at the site for five months while the company and the provincial government hold talks with KI.

Judge Smith also wrote that mandating consultation by granting an injunction to KI will compel the province "to accept its fiduciary obligations and to act honourably."

The ruling -- marking the first faceoff in a constitutional challenge KI has launched against the Ontario Mining Act -- is being hailed as groundbreaking for its recognition of an aboriginal world view that, he noted, is difficult for non-aboriginals to understand.

"The relationship that aboriginal peoples have with the land cannot be understated," Judge Smith said in his ruling, released Friday. "The land is the very essence of their being. It is their very heart and soul. No amount of money can compensate for its loss."

KI spokesman John Cutfeet said it's clear the judge heard what his people had to say. "It's good to know that your position toward the land is being acknowledged by a judge in a court hearing," he said yesterday in an interview.

Residents of the fly-in community 600 kilometres northwest of Thunder Bay are excited about the decision, Mr. Cutfeet said. "It is our job to stand together to protect the Creator's gift so that the land will continue to be there for all of us."

Judge Smith said he accepted that Platinex faces severe financial problems and possibly bankruptcy if not granted the injunction it sought. He faulted Platinex for unilateral actions that were "disrespectful" of KI's interests and for being the author of its own financial misfortune by understating to investors its problems gaining access to the drilling site.

The Ontario government received the judge's harshest criticism for, he said, having abdicated its obligations by leaving consultation to the company.

"Despite repeated judicial messages delivered over the course of 16 years, the evidentiary record available in this case sadly reveals that the provincial Crown has not heard or comprehended this message and has failed in fulfilling this obligation," Judge Smith wrote.

One unfortunate result is industrial uncertainty, he said.

Garry Clark, executive director of the Ontario Prospectors Association, welcomed the ruling. He said business is booming in Ontario's mining industry, but a lack of clarity on consultation rules may have held up some exploration.

"We've needed some sort of direction from the courts," he said.

Rick Bartolucci, the Minister of Northern Development and Mines, was not available for an interview yesterday, but in a news release he welcomed Judge Smith's ruling as "an important step forward" and stressed that the ruling "does not impact the legitimacy of other mining claims in Ontario."

"I would beg to differ," said lawyer Neal Smitheman, who represented Platinex at a two-day hearing in Thunder Bay in June. "There are numerous mining companies and exploration companies that could be in a similar situation if there's a failure to have proper consultation on lands that could be subject to a claim by first nations people."

Trading on Platinex shares was halted yesterday at the request of the company.

KI lawyer Kate Kempton rejects Mr. Bartolucci's view on the scope of the ruling. "It's in the Crown's interest to spin this as narrow. It is our take on this that . . . there could be some far-reaching precedent-setting effects out of this.”

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Field Notes is published by APGO and is edited by Wendy Diaz, P.Geo. If you have comments or wish to contribute material to this newsletter, please contact Wendy Diaz, P.Geo., or Norman Williams, P.Eng., Executive Director/Registar.

Copyright 2006, Association of Professional Geoscientists of Ontario (APGO)